The Pronoun

একাদশ- দ্বাদশ শ্রেণি - English English Grammar & Composition | - | NCTB BOOK
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Noun-এর পরিবর্তে যে word ব্যবহৃত হয় তাকে Pronoun বলে। যেমন- He, this, who, what, some, all, each, himself etc.

Classification of Pronoun: 

 1. Personal Pronoun, 

2. Demonstrative Pronoun, 

3. Interrogative Pronoun, 

4. Relative Pronoun 

5. Indefinite Pronoun, 

6. Distributive Pronoun, 

7.Reflexive Pronoun, 

8. Reciprocal Pronoun 

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# বহুনির্বাচনী প্রশ্ন

Tehrin loves boy that Tabinda is going to marry.
Tehrin who loves the boy is going to marry Tabinda.
Tabinda is going to marry, who Tehrin loves.
Tabinda that loves the boy, Tehrin will marry him

Personal Pronouns

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Personal Pronoun: যেসব pronoun ব্যক্তি, বস্তুর নামের পরিবর্তে ব্যবহৃত হয়, তাদেরকে Personal Pronoun বলে।যেমন-we, he, she, it they, you প্রভৃতি Personal Pronoun.
 

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Possessive Pronouns

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যে একটি Word (শব্দ) কোন কিছুর মালিকানা বুঝানোর জন্য ব্যবহৃত হয়, তাকে Possessive Pronoun বলে।For Example- mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs etc.

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Reflexive Pronouns

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Reflexive pronoun বলতে সেই সকল pronoun কে বোঝায় যার সাথে " self/selves suffix যুক্ত থাকে। Myself, himself, herself, ourselves, themselves, yourself,yourselves, itself, oneself etc Reciprocal pronoun.

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Intensive Pronouns

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অন্য কোন noun বা pronoun এর উপরে গুরত্ব প্রদান করার জন্যে যেসকল pronoun ব্যবহৃত হয়, তাদেরকে Intensive pronouns বলা হয়। Reflexive pronoun এবং intensive pronoun দেখতে একই রকম কিন্তু intensive pronoun বাক্যে object হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয় না ।

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Relative Pronouns

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Relative Pronoun: যেসব Pronoun noun বা Pronoun-কে নির্দেশপূর্বক দুটি Clause বা বাক্যকে যুক্ত করে,তাদেরকে Relative Pronoun বলে।Relative pronoun, relative clause- এর শুরুতে বসে। Who,which,whom,whose that প্রভৃতি relative Pronoun।

Those who are honest go to heaven.

The man whom you saw is my friend.

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Demonstrative Pronouns

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Demonstrative Pronoun: যেসব pronoun কোনো নির্দিষ্ট ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুর পরিবর্তে বসে সেই ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুকে নির্দেশ করে, তাদেরকে Demonstrative Pronoun বলে । যেমন-this, that, those, these, it, such a demonstrative pronoun.
 

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Interrogative Pronouns

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Interrogative Pronoun: যেসব pronoun দ্বারা কোনো কিছু জিজ্ঞাসা করা হয়, তাদেরকে Interrogative Pronoun বলে। Interrogative pronoun সাধারণত interrogative sentence বা clause-এর শুরুতে বসে।যেমন- who, whom, whose, which, what are Interrogative Pronoun.
 

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# বহুনির্বাচনী প্রশ্ন

indefinite pronoun
reflexive pronoun
interrogative pronoun
relative pronoun

Indefinite Pronouns

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Indefinite Pronoun: যেসব pronoun বিশেষ কোনো ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুকে না বুঝিয়ে অনির্দিষ্ট ব্যক্তি বা বন্ধুকে বুঝায়, তাদেরকে indefinite pronoun বলে। Indefinite pronoun: দুই প্রকার।যথা- (i) Positive Pronoun (ii) Negative Pronoun 

Positive Pronoun: যেসব pronoun হাঁ-বোধক, তাদেরকে positive pronoun বলে।যেমন- all, each, every, everything, everybody, any, anyone, anything, anybody, some, something, somebody, someone etc.

Negative Pronoun: যেসব pronoun না-বোধক, তাদেরকে negative pronoun বলে।যেমন- none, nobody, no one, nothing, neither etc.

 

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Object Pronouns

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Object Pronouns

Object pronoun, subject pronoun এর বিপরীত। Subject pronoun এবং object pronoun এর form ভিন্নরকম।

Object pronoun গুলো হলঃ Me, us, him, her, them, it. 

  • Ratul loves her.
  • You should warn them.
  • Please, take it seriously.
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# বহুনির্বাচনী প্রশ্ন

Distributive Pronoun

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Distributive Pronoun: যেসব pronoun দুই বা ততোধিক ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুর প্রত্যেককে পৃথকভাবে বুঝায়, তাদেরকে distributive pronoun বলে। এই Pronoun গুলোকে Positive pronoun বলা যেতে পারে।যেমন- each, every, either, neither প্রভৃতি distributive pronoun.
 

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# বহুনির্বাচনী প্রশ্ন

Reciprocal Pronoun

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Reciprocal Pronoun: যেসব pronoun দুই বা ততোধিক ব্যক্তি বা প্রাণীর মধ্যে পারস্পরিক সম্পর্ক বুঝায়, তাদেরকে Reciprocal pronoun বলে। যেমন— each other, one another হলো Reciprocal pronoun.

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      uri
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      app/Http/Controllers/Academy/SubjectController.php:102-110
      24 statements were executed (2 duplicates)Show only duplicates14.66ms
      • SubjectService.php#43satt_satt_mobile_app510μsupdate `subjects` set `view_count` = `view_count` + 1, `subjects`.`updated_at` = '2025-04-07 00:36:39' where `id` = 14998
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        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:43
        • app/Http/Controllers/Academy/SubjectController.php:105
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        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:38
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      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app210μsselect `id`, `name`, `parent_id`, `_lft`, `_rgt`, `show_content`, `num_of_mcq`, `num_of_written`, `des_added_by`, `des_updated_by`, `author_name`, `link_subject_id`, `sub_category_id`, `main_category_id`, `slug`, `meta_og_title`, `meta_keyword`, `meta_description`, `vote`, `view_count`, `icon`, `page_type`, `chapter_name` from `subjects` where (`subjects`.`_lft` between 13844 and 13867) and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null
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        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
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      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app210μsselect `id`, `description`, `short_description`, `subject_id` from `subject_descriptions` where `subject_descriptions`.`subject_id` in (14998, 15016, 15017, 15018, 15019, 15020, 15021, 15022, 15023, 15024, 15025, 15026) and `subject_descriptions`.`deleted_at` is null
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        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
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        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
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      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app140μsselect `id`, `name`, `slug` from `sub_categories` where `sub_categories`.`id` in (4878) and `sub_categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
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      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app340μsselect `id`, `user_id`, `completeable_type`, `completeable_id`, `complete_progress`, `is_complete` from `completes` where `completes`.`completeable_id` in (14998, 15016, 15017, 15018, 15019, 15020, 15021, 15022, 15023, 15024, 15025, 15026) and `completes`.`completeable_type` = 'App\\Models\\Subject'
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        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
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      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app200μsselect `id`, `name`, `parent_id`, `_lft`, `_rgt`, `show_content`, `des_added_by`, `des_updated_by`, `author_name`, `link_subject_id` from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` in (546, 591, 592, 593, 594, 595, 596, 597, 598, 600, 12323, 12324) and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null
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        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app200μsselect `id`, `description`, `short_description`, `subject_id` from `subject_descriptions` where `subject_descriptions`.`subject_id` in (546, 591, 592, 593, 594, 595, 596, 597, 598, 600, 12323, 12324) and `subject_descriptions`.`deleted_at` is null
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        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
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      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app120μsselect `id`, `name`, `avatar` from `users` where `users`.`id` in (30549) and `users`.`deleted_at` is null
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        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
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      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app140μsselect `id`, `name`, `avatar` from `users` where `users`.`id` in (30549, 69048) and `users`.`deleted_at` is null
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        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app1.03msselect * from (select `questions`.`id`, `questions`.`subject_id`, `questions`.`category_id`, `questions`.`sub_category_id`, `questions`.`board_exam_id`, `questions`.`passage_id`, `questions`.`question_type`, `questions`.`question`, `questions`.`is_duplicate`, `questions`.`status`, `questions`.`image`, `subjectables`.`subject_id` as `pivot_subject_id`, `subjectables`.`subjectable_id` as `pivot_subjectable_id`, `subjectables`.`subjectable_type` as `pivot_subjectable_type`, row_number() over (partition by `subjectables`.`subject_id` order by `questions`.`created_at` desc) as `laravel_row` from `questions` inner join `subjectables` on `questions`.`id` = `subjectables`.`subjectable_id` where `subjectables`.`subject_id` in (14998, 15016, 15017, 15018, 15019, 15020, 15021, 15022, 15023, 15024, 15025, 15026) and `subjectables`.`subjectable_type` = 'App\\Models\\Question' and `questions`.`status` = 'active' and `questions`.`deleted_at` is null) as `laravel_table` where `laravel_row` <= 5 order by `laravel_row`
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        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
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      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app490μsselect `id`, `question_id`, `option_1`, `option_2`, `option_3`, `option_4`, `option_5`, `image_option`, `image_question`, `answer` from `question_options` where `question_options`.`question_id` in (86526, 95211, 100484, 100702, 102487, 102497, 143152, 152547, 153817, 154664, 155266, 161718, 162296, 169697, 195686, 220702, 247027, 252690, 253276, 253359, 253809, 255496, 258202, 259128) and `question_options`.`deleted_at` is null
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        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
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      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app100μsselect `id`, `name`, `slug` from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` in (73) and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null
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        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app480μsselect `subjects`.`id`, `subjects`.`name`, `subjects`.`slug`, `subjectables`.`subjectable_id` as `pivot_subjectable_id`, `subjectables`.`subject_id` as `pivot_subject_id`, `subjectables`.`subjectable_type` as `pivot_subjectable_type`, `subjectables`.`created_user_id` as `pivot_created_user_id`, `subjectables`.`deleted_at` as `pivot_deleted_at`, `subjectables`.`status` as `pivot_status`, `subjectables`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `subjectables`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `subjects` inner join `subjectables` on `subjects`.`id` = `subjectables`.`subject_id` where `subjectables`.`subjectable_id` in (86526, 95211, 100484, 100702, 102487, 102497, 143152, 152547, 153817, 154664, 155266, 161718, 162296, 169697, 195686, 220702, 247027, 252690, 253276, 253359, 253809, 255496, 258202, 259128) and `subjectables`.`subjectable_type` = 'App\\Models\\Question' and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null
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        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app120μsselect `id`, `title`, `passage` from `passages` where `passages`.`id` in (0) and `passages`.`deleted_at` is null
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        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • SubjectRepository.php#122satt_satt_mobile_app160μsselect * from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` = 14998 and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
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        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:122
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:121
        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:60
      • SubjectRepository.php#125satt_satt_mobile_app8.46msselect `id`, `name`, `slug`, `parent_id`, `_lft`, `_rgt` from `subjects` where (13867 between `subjects`.`_lft` and `subjects`.`_rgt` and `subjects`.`id` <> 14998) and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null order by `_lft` asc
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        • 1: 14998
        Backtrace
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:125
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:121
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        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:137
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:136
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        Bindings
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        Backtrace
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:136
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        Backtrace
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:136
        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:61
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        • 8: 15022
        • 9: 15023
        • 10: 15024
        • 11: 15025
        • 12: 15026
        Backtrace
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        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:76
        • app/Http/Controllers/Academy/SubjectController.php:105
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
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      • SubjectRepository.php#340satt_satt_mobile_app230μsselect `videos`.`video_src_url`, `mediables`.`mediable_id` as `chapter_id` from `videos` inner join `mediables` on `mediables`.`mediable_id` = `videos`.`id` where `videos`.`id` = 0 and `videos`.`video_src` = 'youtube' and `videos`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 0
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        Backtrace
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:340
        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:77
        • app/Http/Controllers/Academy/SubjectController.php:105
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:44
      • SubjectService.php#82satt_satt_mobile_app230μsselect `id`, `name`, `main_category_id`, `slug` from `subjects` where `id` <> 14998 and `parent_id` = 14971 and `main_category_id` = 3 and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null limit 5
        Bindings
        • 0: 14998
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        Backtrace
        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:82
        • app/Http/Controllers/Academy/SubjectController.php:105
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:44
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:266
      • restrict.blade.php#30satt_satt_mobile_app290μsselect * from `package_plans` where `status` = 'active' and `package_plans`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: active
        Backtrace
        • view::includes.restrict:30
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:75
      App\Models\Subject
      71Subject.php#?
      App\Models\SubjectDescription
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      App\Models\Question
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      App\Models\QuestionOption
      24QuestionOption.php#?
      App\Models\Complete
      11Complete.php#?
      App\Models\User
      3User.php#?
      App\Models\PackagePlan
      3PackagePlan.php#?
      App\Models\SubCategory
      1SubCategory.php#?
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          #12025-04-07 00:36:39GET/admission/the-pronoun-5228613924162